As part of a series that discusses findings from the BRANCH Consortium’s research on sexual, reproductive, maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health and nutrition (WCH) in conflict settings, this brief sets the stage by describing the current research landscape of the epidemiology of WCH in conflict settings and the burden of conflict on WCH. This brief also highlights gaps in the current landscape, suggesting potential opportunities for further research and next steps to fill in the research gaps.